What Are The Characteristics Of Outdoor Clothing

Warmth retention
Although thermal insulation is closely related to fabric thickness, outdoor sports do not allow clothing to be too heavy, so it is necessary to keep warm and lightweight to meet the special requirements of outdoor sports clothing. The most common method is to add special ceramic powders such as chromium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, etc. to synthetic fiber spinning solutions such as polyester, especially nanoscale micro ceramic powders. They can absorb visible light such as sunlight and convert it into heat energy. They can also reflect the far-infrared radiation emitted by the human body, thus having excellent insulation and heat storage performance.
Of course, far-infrared ceramic powder, adhesive, and crosslinking agent can also be formulated as a finishing agent, and the woven fabric can be coated and then dried and baked to allow nano ceramic powder to adhere to the surface of the fabric and between the yarn. The wavelength emitted by this finishing agent is 8-14 μ M's far-infrared rays also have health benefits such as antibacterial, deodorizing, and promoting blood circulation.
In addition, according to the principles of biomimetics, referring to the structure of polar bear fur, the interior of polyester fibers is made into a porous hollow shape, containing a large amount of non circulating air inside the fibers, and the exterior is made into a spiral curl shape to maintain fluffiness, all of which can play a good insulation role while ensuring lightweight texture. Of course, making clothes and even fabrics double or even triple layered to increase the number of non circulating air layers is also one of the most traditional insulation measures.
Moisture permeability
The moisture permeability test is suitable for evaluating the water vapor permeability of fabrics under certain conditions. Place the breathable cup containing moisture absorbent or water and sealed with a fabric sample in a sealed environment with specified temperature and humidity. Calculate the moisture permeability and humidity of the sample based on the mass change of the breathable cup (including the sample and moisture absorbent or water) over a certain period of time. The moisture permeability refers to the mass of water vapor passing vertically through a unit area of the sample for a specified time under specified temperature and humidity conditions on both sides of the sample, measured in grams per square meter hour [g/(m2 · h)] or grams per square meter 24 hours [g/(m2 · 24h)]; Permeability refers to the mass of water vapor passing vertically through a unit area of a sample within a specified time under the specified temperature and humidity conditions on both sides of the sample, under a unit of water vapor pressure difference. It is measured in grams per square meter Pascal hour [g/(m2 · pa · h)].
The larger the values of the two indicators, the better the moisture permeability of the fabric. The main difference between GB/T12704.1-2009 "Test Methods for Moisture Permeability of Textiles and Fabrics Part 1: Hygroscopic Method" and GB/T12704.2-2009 "Test Methods for Moisture Permeability of Textiles and Fabrics Part 2: Evaporation Method" is that in the hygroscopic method, a desiccant is placed in the breathable cup, while in the evaporation method, distilled water is placed in the breathable cup. The evaporation method can be divided into the positive cup method and the inverted cup method, and the inverted cup method is only applicable to waterproof and breathable fabrics. In the above mentioned standards, there are multiple choices for the temperature and humidity conditions of the sealed environment. Therefore, if the same test method is used for the same sample, different temperature and humidity conditions are used, and the results obtained will also differ.
The sports meet emits a large amount of sweat, while outdoor activities inevitably encounter wind and rain, which is a contradiction in itself: it is necessary to be able to prevent rain and snow from soaking, and to timely discharge the sweat emitted by the body. Fortunately, the human body emits single-molecule water vapor, while rain Snow, on the other hand, is a liquid droplet in a concentrated state, with vastly different volumes and sizes.
In addition, liquid water has a characteristic called surface tension, which is the ability to gather its own volume. The water we see on lotus leaves is in the form of granular water droplets rather than flat water stains. This is because there is a layer of waxy fuzzy tissue on the surface of lotus leaves, and water droplets cannot diffuse and penetrate on this layer of waxy fuzzy tissue due to the effect of surface tension. If you dissolve a drop of detergent or laundry detergent into water droplets, as the detergent can greatly reduce the surface tension of the liquid, the water droplets will immediately disintegrate and spread out on lotus leaves.
Waterproof and breathable clothing is a chemical coating that utilizes the surface tension characteristics of water to apply a layer of PTFE (which has the same chemical composition but different physical structure as PTFE, the "king of corrosion-resistant fibers") on the fabric to enhance the surface tension of the fabric. This tightens the water droplets as much as possible and prevents them from spreading or wetting the fabric surface, thus preventing them from penetrating the pores on the fabric structure. At the same time, this coating is porous, and water vapor in a single molecular state can smoothly diffuse through the capillary pores between fibers to the surface of the fabric.
If you stop to rest in the wild after a large amount of exercise, it is possible that water droplets may form on the inner layer of your clothes due to the low temperature outside and the inability of sweat to dissipate in time, causing a very uncomfortable feeling. This is what is called
The phenomenon of condensation. There is a special moisture permeability finishing process called "low condensation", which uses polyurethane (PU) and hydrophilic nano ceramic powder to coat the fabric for finishing. When the body evaporates a large amount of sweat, it can absorb too much sweat vapor, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of water vapor inside the clothes exceeding the saturation vapor pressure and transforming into water droplets.
In addition to finding solutions from fibers and coatings, it is also possible to achieve moisture absorption and sweat wicking in the fabric structure as much as possible. For example, using a double-layer organizational structure, the inner layer of the fabric is made of hydrophobic fibers, while the outer layer is made of hydrophilic fibers. This way, sweat can be transferred from the skin to the inner fibers through capillary action. Furthermore, due to the stronger binding force between the outer hydrophilic fibers and water molecules than the inner hydrophobic fibers, water molecules are transferred again from the inner layer of the fabric to the outer layer, and finally dissipated into the atmosphere.